Alle Videos (Lietuvių)
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05.11.2022
Subtitle "Afrikaans" was produced by machine.Subtitle "አማርኛ" was produced by machine.Subtitle "العربية " was produced by machine.Subtitle "Ārāmāyâ" was produced by machine.Subtitle "azərbaycan dili " was produced by machine.Subtitle "беларуская мова " was produced by machine.Подзаглавието "България" е създадено от машина.Subtitle "বাংলা " was produced by machine.Subtitle "བོད་ཡིག" was produced by machine.Subtitle "босански" was produced by machine.Subtitle "català" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Cebuano" was produced by machine.Subtitle "ગુજરાતી" was produced by machine.Subtitle "corsu" was produced by machine.Podtitul "Čeština" byl vytvořen automaticky.Subtitle "Cymraeg" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Dansk" was produced by machine.Untertitel "Deutsch" wurde maschinell erzeugt.Subtitle "Untertitel" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Ελληνικά" was produced by machine.Subtitle "English" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Esperanto" was produced by machine.El subtítulo "Español" se 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vélrænt.Sottotitoli "Italiano" sono stati generati automaticamente.Subtitle "日本語" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Basa Jawa" was produced by machine.Subtitle "ქართული" was produced by machine.Subtitle "қазақ тілі " was produced by machine.Subtitle "ភាសាខ្មែរ" was produced by machine.Subtitle "ಕನ್ನಡ" was produced by machine.Subtitle "한국어" was produced by machine.Subtitle "कोंकणी語" was produced by machine.Subtitle "کوردی" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Кыргызча" was produced by machine.Subtitle " lingua latina" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Lëtzebuergesch" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Lingala" was produced by machine.Subtitle "ພາສາ" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Lietuvių" was produced by machine.Subtitle "Latviešu" was produced by machine.Subtitle "fiteny malagasy" was produced by machine.Subtitle "te reo Māori" was produced by machine.Subtitle "македонски јазик" was produced by machine.Subtitle "malayāḷaṁ" was produced by machine.Subtitle "မြန်မာစာ " was produced by 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Maisto produktai pavojuje dėl naujos augalų selekcijos
Nuo 2012 m. dirbama su vadinamosiomis CRISPR genomo žirklėmis - sistema, galinčia tikslingai keisti DNR ir vykdyti augalų selekciją. Jau dabar propaguojama, kad "genomo žirklėmis" galima kištis į žmogaus genetinę medžiagą "gydymo tikslais". Ar dabar pavyks tam tikroms korporacijoms manipuliuoti žmonių, gyvūnų ir augalų genomais, siekiant pelno? [toliau]
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05.11.2022 | www.kla.tv/24063
Nuo 2012 m. dirbama su molekulinės biologijos metodu CRISPR - sistema, kuri tikslingai keičia DNR ir kuria, pavyzdžiui, galima daug greičiau ir tiksliau nei įprastais veisimo metodais vykdyti augalų selekciją. Naudojant CRISPR/Cas9 [Klasterizuoti, taisyklingai išsidėstę trumpi palindrominiai pasikartojimai] galima specialiai iškirpti augalų ir gyvų organizmų genetinę medžiagą. Tokiu būdu galima įterpti, pašalinti ar modifikuoti atskirus DNR struktūrinius blokus. Išradėjos Emmanuelle Charpentier ir Jen-nifer Doudna, kurios, vykdydamos tyrimus, daugiau ar mažiau atsitiktinai susidūrė su "genų žirklėmis CRISPR", neseniai už savo darbą buvo apdovanotos Nobelio premija chemijos srityje. Savo pareiškime dėl apdovanojimo komitetas rašė, kad genų žirklės yra "netikėtas atradimas, kurio potencialas gniaužia kvapą, galbūt panašus į 1944 m. Stokholmo žiuri nominaciją, kai Otto Hahnas buvo apdovanotas už atomo dalijimosi atradimą". Apdovanojimo ceremonijoje buvo džiaugiamasi: šis grandiozinis atradimas susijęs su galimybe perrašyti "gyvybės kodą". Dabar kalbama ne tik apie augalų ir kitų gyvų būtybių genetinę medžiagą, bet ir apie medicinos pažangą. Jau dabar manoma, kad genetinės žirklės gali būti naudojamos žmogaus genetinei medžiagai paveikti "gydymo tikslais". Bet kuriuo atveju, abi Nobelio premijos laureatės ir CRISPR išradėjos anksti įspėjo apie galimybę piktnaudžiauti jų atradimu. Asociacijos "Testbiotech" biologas Christophas Thenas įžvelgia panašią riziką: "Gyvybės ateitis šioje planetoje labai priklauso nuo to, ar sugebėsime nustatyti aiškias šios naujos genų inžinerijos taikymo ribas. Turime neleisti, kad žmonių, gyvūnų ir augalų genetinė medžiaga taptų pelno siekiančių interesų, techninio išdidumo, arogancijos ir pasipūtimo žaislu." Likimo ironija. Beveik tuo pačiu metu, kai Nobelio premija chemijoje buvo įteikta už CRISPR sistemą, 117 Europos mokslinių tyrimų institucijų kreipėsi į Europos Teisingumo Teismą, prašydamos "modernizuoti" genų inžinerijos įstatymą, kad būtų galima labiau užtikrinti genetiškai modifikuotų produktų gamybą visame pasaulyje. Tokios korporacijos, kaip "Bayer" (buvusi "Monsanto") ir "DuPont" jau seniai bando užkariauti pasaulinę sėklų pasiūlą, kurdamos genetiškai modifikuotus augalus. Kaip vertinate genetinį modifikavimą augalų pasaulyje arba kokia yra jūsų patirtis? Nuo pramonės nepriklausomo mokslinių tyrimų projekto "Rages" duomenimis, yra "didelė nenumatytų sąveikų, genomo tvarkos sutrikimų ir nenumatytų biocheminių pokyčių tikimybė". Kitas pavojus - genetiškai modifikuoti maisto augalai auginami monokultūrose ir taip išstumia natūralią sėklų įvairovę. Tai jau buvo galima pastebėti Airijoje 1845-1852 m: daugiau kaip milijonas žmonių mirė iš bado, nes trečdalis gyventojų buvo priklausomi nuo genetiškai ribotos bulvių veislės, kurią užpuolė grybelis - bulvių maras. Naujesnis mūsų laikų pavyzdys - bananų krizė. Pavyzdžiui, 2019 m. rugsėjo 3 d. "T-Online" buvo rašoma: "Grybelinė liga sukėlė globalią bananų krizę". Daugybė Lotynų Amerikos ir Kolumbijos plantacijų buvo užkrėstos grybine liga Tropical Race 4 (TR4). Šiame kontekste įdomus pasaulinės žemės ūkio mokslinių tyrimų organizacijos "Bioversity International" atstovo Agustino Molinos vertinimas. Jis sako: "Nuo 1990-ųjų genų inžinieriai daug žadėjo. Tačiau akivaizdu, kad sukurti ligoms atsparius bananus nėra lengva, net ir pasitelkus genų inžineriją... Kad bananų auginimas būtų tvarus ir mažiau jautrus, būtina ilgainiui keisti auginimo metodus. Užuot auginę genetiškai identiškus bananus monokultūroje, turime sutelkti dėmesį į biologinę įvairovę ir genetinį kintamumą. Smulkieji ūkininkai jau dabar tai įsidėmėjo. Jie augina įvairių veislių bananus ir javus, todėl TR4 juos veikia ne taip stipriai." Taigi neatrodo, kad genų modifikavimas augalų pasaulyje yra optimalus maisto tiekimo sprendimas. Jei pagal įprastinę praktiką siūloma daržovių, vaisių ir grūdų įvairovė, kurią kai kurie smulkieji ūkininkai jau dabar pavyzdingai stengiasi išlaikyti, kas jiems trukdo palaikyti šią perduodamą patirtį? O jei to nėra, tada, kaip sakydavo Šekspyro Hamletas, "ar Danijos valstybėje kažkas supuvo"?
von wou./avr.
wie Crispr genau funktioniert. (Die Quelle kann man m.M. auch weglassen) www.transgen.de/forschung/2564.crispr-genome-editing-pflanzen.html
Risiken der Gentechnik allgemein (Forschungsprojekt Rages) www.keine-gentechnik.de/nachricht/33958
Bananenkrise www.t-online.de/leben/essen-und-trinken/id_86260140/bananen-pilzkrankheit-auf-planagen-fuehrt-zur-weltweiten-krise.html
www.spektrum.de/news/eine-welt-ohne-bananen/1344368
Kartoffelhungersnot 1845 (im blauen Kästchen) https://bewusstseinsbildung-net.webnode.at/news/gentechnik