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Dengue - uma epidemia provocada?

20.07.2024

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20.07.2024

Dengue - uma epidemia provocada?

Para combater a dengue, experimentos com mosquitos foram e estão sendo realizados no Brasil. Os experimentos não alcançaram seus objetivos e agora ocorre o pior surto de dengue desde o início dos registros. [weiterlesen]

Dengue - uma epidemia provocada?

20.07.2024 | www.kla.tv/29817

Há alguns anos, em vários países como o Brasil e os Estados Unidos, mosquitos geneti-camente modificados têm sido liberados. Os mosquitos machos foram manipulados de forma que, ao se acasalarem com as fêmeas, a prole morre ainda no estágio larval ou se torna estéril. Assim, busca-se combater de maneira ecológica e econômica a propa-gação de doenças infecciosas como a dengue ou a malária, que são transmitidas por mosquitos. Mesmo assim, a América Latina está atualmente enfrentando o "pior surto de dengue desde o início dos registros". [mostrar Imagem do Tagesschau: https://www.tagesschau.de/multimedia/video/video-1317230.html] No Brasil, o número de infectados é quatro vezes maior do que no ano anterior. Pelo menos 300 pessoas já morrer-am por causa disso. O estado de emergência foi declarado em várias regiões. A empresa britânica de biotecnologia Oxitec liberou, por exemplo, mais de 12 milhões de mosquitos geneticamente modificados no Brasil entre 2013 e 2015. Com esse experimento de campo, pretendia-se reduzir a população do mosquito-tigre Aedes aegypti, que é espe-cialmente responsável pela transmissão da doença infecciosa dengue. Na opinião dos pesquisadores, os mosquitos liberados não deveriam ter se reproduzido com a forma selva-gem. No entanto, 30 meses depois, foi constatado que até 60% dos mosquitos locais também apresentavam modificações genéticas. E não só isso, a redução da população de mosquitos-tigre, inicialmente alcançada, voltou ao nível anterior após 18 meses. O experimento falhou completamente em seu objetivo. Houve um cruzamento entre os mosquitos naturais e os geneticamente modificados. Isso resultou em uma população mais robusta e se espalharam descontroladamente com consequências imprevisíveis . Tanto a população afetada quanto os especialistas têm grandes preocupações em relação a esses experimentos. O laboratório de pesquisa crítica à engenharia genética de Munique, Testbiotech, acusa a Oxitec de negligência: "Os experimentos da empresa Oxitec levaram a uma situação amplamente incontrolável", disse o diretor executivo Christoph Then. "Este in-cidente deve ter consequências para o uso futuro da engenharia genética", ele exige. Christof Potthof, da Rede Gene-Ética e.V. de Berlim, critica especialmente a falta de transparência nas liberações anteriores. No entanto, os projetos não foram interrompidos. Pelo contrário: em 2020, 750 milhões de mosquitos geneticamente modificados foram liberados pela empresa Oxitec nos estados americanos da Flórida e do Texas, com a aprovação das auto-ridades, mesmo sem casos conhecidos de doenças tropicais na Flórida. Críticos, incluindo cientistas, especialistas em saúde e grupos ambientais, estão preocupados com os possíveis impactos da liberação dos mosquitos geneticamente modificados na saúde pública e no meio ambiente. "Este é um passo devastador, que é perigoso para a saúde pública", disse Dana Perls, da organização ambiental Friends of the Earth, ao "USA Today". "Uma vez que esses mosquitos são liberados no ambiente, não podem mais ser recupera-dos", diz ela. "Isso pode, de fato, criar novos problemas." Jaydee Hanson, diretor do Centro para a Segurança Alimentar na Califórnia, classificou o experimento como "desnecessário e até perigoso". "Não há casos adquiridos localmente de dengue, febre amarela, chikungunya ou zika na Califórnia", disse Hanson ao "The Sun Gazette". "A liberação de bilhões de mosquitos geneticamente modificados torna provável que mosquitos fêmeas geneticamente modificados sejam liberados e gerem mosquitos híbridos, que são mais infecciosos e agres-sivos." E após a realização de experimentos de campo com mosquitos geneticamente modificados no Brasil, o número de pessoas infectadas com Zika em toda a América do Sul aumentou dramaticamente. A OMS agora prevê, de modo geral a "probabilidade de disseminação do vírus Zika" e alerta sobre o risco de infecção até mesmo nos países Mediterrâneos. O World Mosquito Program (WMP) está testando até mesmo um novo método de produção de mosquitos. Mosquitos tigre asiáticos são infectados com a bactéria Wolbachia. Com isso, supostamente os vírus da dengue, Zika e outros não poderiam mais ser transmitidos pelo mosquito. No Brasil, esse método está sendo testado. No ano passado, em cinco grandes cidades, incluindo Rio de Janeiro e Belo Horizonte, mosquitos infectados foram distribuídos com drones, motocicletas ou carros. No entanto, este experimento também parece estar falhando, pois neste ano houve um aumento recorde de casos de dengue no Brasil. Isso, no entanto, não parece ser motivo para o WMP interromper os experimentos. Seu am-bicioso programa prevê a liberação de até cinco bilhões de mosquitos por ano em todo o mundo. No Brasil, a maior fábrica de mosquitos do mundo foi construída para esse fim. Mosquitos geneticamente modificados ou infectados com bactérias foram liberados e não podem mais ser recuperados. As consequências globais são imprevisíveis e a caixa de Pan-dora foi aberta. Isso é apenas negligência ou cálculo frio?

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