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Neievērotais “klimata-grēcinieks”: bruņojuma industrija! (Volfgangs ...

22.05.2023

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22.05.2023

Neievērotais “klimata-grēcinieks”: bruņojuma industrija! (Volfgangs Effenbergers)

Tādi klimata aizsardzības pasākumi, kā resursu taupīšana, šobrīd ieņem nozīmīgu vietu politikā. Taču šajā kopsakarībā kādai ekonomikas nozarei tiek pievērsts maz uzmanības. Vairāku pētījumu rezultāti nesaudzīgi iznes gaismā to, cik problemātiska loma ir šai ekonomikas nozarei... [lasīt tālāk]

Neievērotais “klimata-grēcinieks”: bruņojuma industrija! (Volfgangs Effenbergers)

22.05.2023 | www.kla.tv/26112

Tādi klimata aizsardzības pasākumi, kā resursu taupīšana šobrīd ieņem ļoti nozīmīgu vietu politikā. Taču šajā sakarā kādai ekomonikas nozarei tiek pievērsts maz uzmanības: militārajiem piegādātājiem un bruņojuma industrijai. Kādā pētījumā Durhanas un Lankāsteras universitāšu zinātnieki kādā pētījumā analizēja ASV armijas ietekmi uz klimata izmaiņām. Tika konstatēts, ka ASV armija ir viena no vislielākajām “klimata-grēciniecēm” vēsturē, jo tā izmanto vairāk šķidrās degvielas un izmet vairāk CO2- ekvivalentus [mērvienība dažādo siltumnīcas-efekta gāzu “ietekmes uz klimatu” unificēšanai], nekā lielākā daļa valstu. 2019. gadā kādā citā - Brauna Univesitātes pētījumā - tika detalizēti izpētīts armijas degvielu izmantojums ASV karos pēc 2001. gada septembra un šī degvielu izmantojuma ietekme uz siltumnīcas gāzu emisiju. Tika noskaidrots, ka ASV Aizsardzības Ministrijas CO2 izmešu daudzums starp 2001. un 2017. gadu sastādīja 1,2 tonnas. Salīdzinājumam: ASV armijas ikgadējā emisija atbilst 257 miljoniem vieglo mašīnu ikgadējiem izmešiem. Tas ir vairāk, nekā 2 reizes lielāka ikgadējā emisija, kāda bija tajā laika periodā ASV. Durhamas un Lankāsteras universitāšu pētījumā tika noskaidrots, ka ASV armija ir viena no vislielākajām institucionālajām ogļūdeņražu atsevišķajām petērētājām pasaulē, bet militāro izdevumu ziņā ASV ir pat pirmajā vietā. 2021. gadā vispasaules militārie izdevumi bija tieši 2,1 biljona ASV dolāru apmērā. Pie tam ASV izdevumi sastādīja vislielāko summu - 801 miljarda apmērā. Tas ir gandrīz tikpat daudz, cik sekojošās valstīs kopā: Ķīnā, Indijā, Lielbritānijā, Krievijā, Francijā, Vācijā, Saūda Arābijā, Japānā, Dienvidkorejā un Itālijā. Volfgangs Effenbergers ir kādreizējais Bundesvēra oficieris, politologs, miera aktīvists, analizētājs, vieslektors un daudzu publikāciju autors. Kādu vieslekciju pie apolut.net 2021. gada 5. decembrī Volfgangs Effenbergers veltīja tēmai “Kari un bruņošanās izposta apkārtējo vidi.” Noklausīsiemies tagad sekojošu citātu no mediju ziņojuma: “[...] Kari un bruņošanās ir absolūtā pretrunā pret ambiciozajiem klimata mērķiem. Ieroču, munīcijas, transporta līdzekļu, lidmašīnu un kuģu ražošana prasa gigantiskus enerģijas daudzumus, un atbilstoši, izsauc siltumnīcas gāzu rašanos – nemaz jau nerunājot par karu izraisītiem kaitējumiem videi. Bruņojums lielos apmēros prasa “ar daudzām emisijām saistīto” tēraudu. [Tērauds jau tā izgatavošanas laikā atbrīvo daudzas emisijas gāzes un kaitīgās vielas]. Šīs emisijas netiek uzskaitītas armijas rubrikā, bet pie dzelzs un tērauda ražotājiem. Tieši tāpat kara lidmašīnas tiek uzskaitītas aviācijas un kosmosa transporta līdzekļu būves rubrikā un - šaujamie ieroči un artilērijas ieroči nonāk kategorijā “Metāla ražojumu remonts” vai “Mašīnu un iekārtu instalācija”. Kaujas laikā degvielas patēriņš ir gigantisks: tanki patērē apm. 500 l dīzeļa uz 100 km, stealth-kaujas lidmašīnas F-35 ap 6500 l benzīna (kerosīna) stundā, un B-52 gargabalu bumbvedējs ap 13 000 l benzīna (kerosīna) stundā. Pentagons 2007. gadā iepirka saviem gaisa, ūdens un zemes transportlīdzekļiem ap 43 miljoni l eļļas dienā! [...]”. Te klāt nāk tas, ka armija ir atkarīga arī no sava plaši izvērstā globālā konteinerkuģu, kravas mašīnu un kravas lidmašīnu tīkla, tās militārie atbalsta punkti un operācijas visā pasaulē tiek apgādātas ar visu – sākot ar bumbām, ar humanitārās palīdzības pakām un līdz pat degvielai. Rezumējot var konstatēt, ka militāristi visā pasaulē, domājams, ir visnozīmīgākie vides piesārņotāji. Uz to norāda arī sekojoši piemēri no pagātnes: • Vjetnamas karš: veselu apgabalu piesārņošana caur plašu, miljoniem litru herbicīdu pielietojumu, kā “Agent Orange” • Golfa karš 1991: 650 naftas avotu aizdedzināšana pēc armijas atkāpšanās no Kuveitas – 25 līdz 40 miljoni barelu nonāca tuksnesī, 11 miljoni - Persijas Golfā. • Atomieroču izmēģinājumi: no 1946. līdz 1958. gadam ASV izmēģināja 67 atomieročus Maršala salās. Tie testi atbilst 1000 kārtīgam Hirosimas bumbas spēkam. Kādēļ visa šī armijas un bruņošanās industrijas postošā ietekme uz klimata aizsardzības pūliņiem medijos gandrīz netiek pieminēta? Jo maza jēga ir visiem tiem mēriem un atsevišķo pilsoņu spaidīšanai uz resursu taupīšanu klimata aizsardzības labā, ja neķersimies pie saknes šim, daudz lielākajam ļaunumam un neapstādināsim šo peļņas gūšanu no kara kurināšanas. Palīdziet arī Jūs iznest šo informāciju sabiedriskai apspriešanai.

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